Authors: Lola O. McMullan 1, Hope Gruszewski 1, Nicole McMaster 1, Bastiaan O. R. Bargmann 1, and David G. Schmale 1
1. Virginia Tech, Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Blacksburg, Virginia
Corresponding Author: Lola O. McMullan, lolamcmullan@vt.edu
Presenting Author: Lola McMullan
Poster Video:
Abstract
This research project aims to address the need for improved early pathogen detection technology by obtaining foundational data for the design of a plant tissue culture-based reporting system to be utilized in an obligate phytopathogen aerosol sampling device. We investigated the feasibility of using calli (masses of undifferentiated plant tissue) as a conduit for mycotoxin quantification. Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits similar Fusarium disease progression and symptomology to typical cereal grain hosts, and its rapid growth and smaller size were cost-effective for this study. In this experiment, deoxynivalenol (DON) was isolated from plant tissues and calli of resistant, intermediate, and susceptible accessions of Arabidopsis after 7, 14, and 21 days-post inoculation (DPI) with Fusarium. Fusarium-Arabidopsis Disease (FAD) ratings were recorded to assess visual symptoms in the plants. We hypothesized that higher DON concentrations would be detected in tissues of the susceptible Arabidopsis accession and at 21 DPI. From the first biological replicate, we observed general trends of higher DON concentrations in the susceptible plant tissues, and increased DON concentrations with elapsed time. In seeds, the susceptible accession of Arabidopsis had the highest level of DON, and the intermediate accession had the lowest across all three time points. The same trend was observed in flowers at 7 and 14 DPI, but the resistant accession had the highest DON at 21 DPI. FAD ratings generally increased with elapsed time after inoculation and susceptibility. The levels of DON extracted from calli in this first replicate appear inconsistent. These data reflect the first replicate of this experiment, and more trials will be conducted in the future. During additional replicates, we plan to quantify fungal biomass as an indicator of disease severity in calli. In the future, we will take advantage of incorporating RUBY, as a pathogen-inducible reporter, into the customizable system for detecting pathogens.