USWBSI Abstract Viewer

2022 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum


FHB Management (MGMT)

Poster # 116

Management of Fusarium Head Blight with Demethylation Inhibitors and Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Combinations Under High Disease Pressure in Spring Wheat

Authors & Affiliations:

Dalitso N. Yabwalo1, Shaukat Ali1, Karl Glover1, Connie Tande1, and Madalyn Shires1
1. South Dakota State University, Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, Brookings, SD 57007
Corresponding Author: Dalitso N. Yabwalo, dalitso.yabwalo@sdstate.edu

Corresponding Author:

Dalitso Yabwalo
dalitso.yabwalo@sdstate.edu

Abstract:

Triazoles, the most used fungicides, belong to demethylation inhibitors (DMI) which disrupt the sterol biosynthesis pathway that is responsible for fungal cell membrane integrity. The disruption of the sterol pathway leads to depletion of sterols which results in cell membrane structure and function failure. The cell membrane malfunction is manifested through inhibited fungal cell growth, abnormal morphological development and eventual death. A second group of fungicides in this study is the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI). This group binds to the succinate dehydrogenase complex and hinders energy production in fungal mitochondria resulting in growth inhibition and cell death. The efficacy of different combinations of DMI and DMI+SDHI were evaluated for managing Fusarium head blight (FHB) and the impact of host genotype on fungicide effectiveness under high disease pressure. Prosaro (Bayer CropScience, Prothioconazole+Tebuconazole), Miravis Ace (Syngenta, Pydiflumetofen+Propiconazole), Sphaerex (BASF, Meticonazole+Prothioconazole) and Prosaro Pro (Bayer CropScience, Prothioconazole+Tebuconazole+Fluopyram) were applied at early flowering to spring wheat cultivars. Spring wheat cultivars namely, Boost (moderately resistant), Brick (resistant), Samson (susceptible), and CP3099A (susceptible) were used in an FHB management field trial conducted at Volga research farm, in South Dakota during the 2022 summer season. Plots were inoculated with corn spawn infested with Fusarium graminearum at the boot stage (Feekes 10) and intermittently misted overnight to maintain optimal conditions for disease development. The trial was set as a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement. Cultivars were considered the main plot factor while fungicides were subplot. Data on disease incidence, severity, index, and Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) were collected and analyzed using the generalized linear model with applicable link functions and reps were random effects. Brick showed the lowest FHB index and FDK followed by Boost. The highest FHB index and FDK were observed in Samson. A spearman correlation coefficient (r) between FHB index and FDK was 0.8, p<.0001. Both DMI combinations and DMI+SDHI combinations produced FHB indices and FDK values that were lower than those observed in untreated plots (< 0001). However, the differences among various active ingredient combinations, DMIs or DMI+SDHIs, were not statistically significant (≤ 0.05). Host genotype, resistant or susceptible, was instrumental to FHB incidence and severity which was consequential to FHB index and FDKs. The DMI and SDHI fungicides used in this study were effective in controlling FHB index and FDK. Fungicides were effective at further lowering FHB indices and FDKs in resistant hosts compared to untreated resistant hosts. The use and availability of fungicides with different modes of action is a positive development to combat pathogen resistance to synthetic fungicides.


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