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2022 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum


FHB Management (MGMT)

Paper

Evaluation of Organic Copper Fungicide Applications Plus Cultivar Resistance to Reduce FHB and DON Infection of Barley in Vermont

Authors & Affiliations:

Heather Darby1 and Hillary Emick1
1. University of Vermont State and Agricultural College, Burlington, VT 05405
Corresponding Author: Heather Darby; Email: heather.darby@uvm.edu

Corresponding Author:

Heather Darby
heather.darby@uvm.edu

Abstract:

Public interest in sourcing local foods has extended into beverages leading to a rapid expansion of the northeast malting industry. This has provided farmers with new market opportunities and many of these markets are interested in purchasing certified organic barley.  However, all farmers are struggling to produce barley that is not infected with FHB and DON. Hence integrated management strategies are essential for managing yield and quality losses from FHB. Most farmers in New England have experienced significant crop loss from FHB and some farmers have already stopped growing barley. At present, few farmers are specifically selecting varieties for resistance to FHB and even fewer are combining host resistance with fungicide applications. There has been little to no research conducted to evaluate organic approved fungicides. In Vermont during 2022 we observed the disease and yield impact of cultivar susceptibility, inoculation with Fusarium graminearum, and treatment with an organic copper fungicide at two timings. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement, with cultivar as the main plot and the fungicide treatments as subplots, randomized in four replicated blocks. The two spring barley varieties were ‘Robust’ (susceptible to FHB) and ‘ND Genesis’ (moderately susceptible to FHB). The organic fungicide ChampIon was applied at heading (Feekes growth stage, FGS 10.1) and again four days after heading treatment. After the fungicide had dried, plots were spray-inoculated with a conidial suspension of F. graminearum (40,000 conidia/ ml) to augment the development of FHB. Grain yield, test weight, and DON concentrations were measured for each plot. Treatment means were calculated, subjected to analysis of variance, and separated by Fisher’s protected LSD test (P = 0.05). The moderately susceptible variety had 56% less DON compared to the susceptible variety. The fungicide treatments did not significantly influence DON concentrations compared to the control. The certified organic treatment of two applications of ChampION did not improve DON concentrations compared to one application. The barley yields did increase when ChampIon was applied to the barley compared to the control. For organic producers, these results indicate that selection of varieties that have moderate susceptibility to FHB should help growers mitigate some of the risk associated with this disease. The application of the organic fungicides needs to have continued research to understand if they can provide control of FHB in the northeastern U.S.

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