The perennial grain crop Kernza®, also known as intermediate
wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) is a wild relative of wheat grown primarily in the
western United States. Wheat is the third most important field crop in the
U.S., after corn and soybean. One of the most important diseases affecting
wheat throughout all wheat-growing regions is Fusarium head blight (FHB). As
Kernza® is a relative of wheat, it may serve as a host for FHB, and proximity
or planting into the stubble of susceptible wheat varieties could increase
disease in the more resistant Kernza® crop. The objective of this project is to
identify fungal pathogens associated with Kernza®and to confirm the presence of Fusarium
graminearum. To identify
these pathogens, head samples were contributed from on-farm and research trial
locations. Spikelets were used to isolate the fungi using morphological
methods. Later, single-spored fungi were obtained and DNA was extracted. We
performed PCR and DNA sequencing of the amplified products using ITS primers.
Of 69 samples, 54 matched Fusarium species. Again, 6 Fusarium-confirmed samples were sequenced
with Fusarium-specific primers. 5 out of 6 samples resulted in Fusarium
verticillioides pathogen.
The conclusion of the presence of Fusarium graminearum or not will be made after the sequencing
result from all the samples. However, identifying the species and strains of
Fusarium that colonize Kernza® will be very useful for developing
disease-resistant cultivars, as well as better disease management.