Naked
barley is receiving growing interest for malt, feed, and food applications. One
potential advantage of naked barley over covered barley is lower levels of
deoxynivalenol (DON) due to the loss of the hull. Studies on covered barley
show hull removal can eliminate some amount of DON during processing, but the
role of the hull as a DON sink in naked varieties hasn’t been studied
extensively. Variation for hull DON content could allow selection for stronger
DON sink activity of hulls, reducing kernel DON content and the associated
risks. The goals of this study are to evaluate a naked barley diversity panel
for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance and favorable DON distribution and
use that data to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The diversity
panel, consisting of 242 naked spring barley lines along with one naked and
five covered check varieties, was planted in irrigated FHB nurseries in St.
Paul and Crookston in 2020. The St. Paul nursery was inoculated by spraying a
solution containing macroconidia, while the Crookston nursery was inoculated
with grain spawn. Data was collected on height, heading date and percent FHB
infection in the field. Heads were harvested and separated into hull, kernel,
and rachis subsamples for DON concentration analysis. Preliminary results show
that the proportion of the DON mass localized in hulls, averaged across
locations, ranged from 0.07 to 0.96,
with mean of 0.36 and standard deviation of 0.15. This shows a high degree of
variation in DON sink activity of the hull and potential for substantial toxin
mitigation. On the other hand, there is
also large variation among the lines for DON concentration in the kernel,
suggesting variation for disease resistance per se. There is also a great deal
of variation in the percent FHB infection, which ranges in St. Paul from 7.5%
to 82.5%. Rachis subsamples showed comparable DON concentrations to other
tissue types, with a mean of 21.9 ppm DON, which is surprising given that FHB
in barley does not exhibit “spread in the head” as in wheat. Overall, naked
barley shows potentially useful variation in FHB resistance and toxin
distribution. A preliminary genome wide association study is in progress for
this data. This experiment was repeated in 2021 and analysis of those samples
is in progress.