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2021 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum


Variety Development and Host Resistance (VDHR)

Poster # 144

Evaluation of Winter Rye (Secale cereale L.) Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in Kentucky

Authors & Affiliations:

Elzbieta Szuleta Tim Phillips, and David Van Sanford
University of Kentucky, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Lexington, KY 40546

Corresponding Author:

David Van Sanford
University of Kentucky
dvs@uky.edu

Abstract:

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease that causes yield and quality loss in cereal crops. In Europe, the crop most susceptible to Fusarium damage and DON accumulation is durum wheat, followed by bread wheat, triticale, and winter rye with the least susceptibility. Because FHB in winter rye is not a major problem, its resistance to Fusarium has not received as much attention as has winter wheat resistance. While trying to bring back winter rye production in Kentucky, farmers face Fusarium kernel damage and difficulties in protecting rye from this fungal disease. A big problem is to determine right fungicide application date, because of rye’s open-pollinating nature and non-uniform heading date in population varieties. In 2020 and 2021 we tested 24 commercially available winter rye varieties for FHB resistance in the Fusarium inoculated nursery in Lexington, Kentucky. Traits measured included heading date, incidence, severity, and FHB index on a 0-9 scale. Post-harvest analysis included FDK rate measured with light seeds vacuum sorter. In 2021 we measured heading date, FHB index and DON content. Overall, the most FHB - resistant varieties were Daniello and Kentucky line KYSC1710 (with the FHB index 0.5), followed by hybrids Bono and Serafino and population variety Wheeler (FHB index 0.7). Over two years of observation, the most susceptible varieties were Wrens Abruzzi, Rymin and Kentucky line KYSC1704. FHB index means were statistically higher in 2020 comparing to 2021 season. 2020 data analysis showed a weak positive correlation (0.27) between the FHB index and FDK rate. We found a strong negative correlation (-0.57) between earliness and FDK, a moderate correlation (0.45) between earliness and incidence, and a negative correlation (-0.47) between earliness and FHB index.  The next step will be to identify the best sources of winter rye FHB resistance and to begin incorporating the resistance into the breeding program.

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