Fusarium
head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease that causes yield and quality loss in
cereal crops. In Europe, the crop most susceptible to Fusarium damage and DON
accumulation is durum wheat, followed by bread wheat, triticale, and winter rye
with the least susceptibility. Because FHB in winter rye is not a major
problem, its resistance to Fusarium has not received as much attention as has winter
wheat resistance. While trying to bring back winter rye production in Kentucky,
farmers face Fusarium kernel damage and difficulties in protecting rye from
this fungal disease. A big problem is to determine right fungicide application
date, because of rye’s open-pollinating nature and non-uniform heading date in
population varieties. In 2020 and 2021 we tested 24 commercially available winter
rye varieties for FHB resistance in the Fusarium inoculated nursery in
Lexington, Kentucky. Traits measured included heading date, incidence, severity,
and FHB index on a 0-9 scale. Post-harvest analysis included FDK rate measured
with light seeds vacuum sorter. In 2021 we measured heading date, FHB index and
DON content. Overall, the most FHB - resistant varieties were Daniello and
Kentucky line KYSC1710 (with the FHB index 0.5), followed by hybrids Bono and
Serafino and population variety Wheeler (FHB index 0.7). Over two years of
observation, the most susceptible varieties were Wrens Abruzzi, Rymin and
Kentucky line KYSC1704. FHB index means were statistically higher in 2020
comparing to 2021 season. 2020 data analysis showed a weak positive correlation
(0.27) between the FHB index and FDK rate. We found a strong negative
correlation (-0.57) between earliness and FDK, a moderate correlation (0.45)
between earliness and incidence, and a negative correlation (-0.47) between
earliness and FHB index. The next step
will be to identify the best sources of winter rye FHB resistance and to begin
incorporating the resistance into the breeding program.